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• 未未姐姐

  主语从句(Subject Clause)
  
  定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句.
  
  第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
  
  （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
  
  （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
  
  （3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet.
  
  （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
  
  （5）What caused the accident remains unknown.
  
  （6）Whatever you did is right.
  
  （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.
  
  （8）What we need is time.
  
  （9）What we need are good doctors.
  
  状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词
  和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:
  1． 时间状语从句
  常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
  特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
  I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
  While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
  The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
  No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
  Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
  2． 地点状语从句
  常用引导词：where
  特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
  Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
  Wherever you go, you should work hard.
  3． 原因状语从句
  常用引导词：because, since, as, since
  特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that,
  My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
  Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
  The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
  Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
  4． 目的状语从句
  常用引导词：so that, in order that
  特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
  The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
  The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
  5． 结果状语从句
  常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,
  特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
  He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
  It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
  To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
  6． 条件状语从句
  常用引导词：if, unless,
  特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
  We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
  You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
  Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
  7． 让步状语从句
  常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though
  特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
  Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
  尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。
  The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
  No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
  He won’t listen whatever you may say.
  8． 比较状语从句
  常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
  特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
  She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
  The house is three times as big as ours.
  The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
  Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
  9． 方式状语从句
  常用引导词：as, as if, how
  特殊引导词：the way
  When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
  She behaved as if she were the boss.
  Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
  
  同位语从句:
  同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定",把关键的几个词背下来.
  
  一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
  I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
  I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。
  二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如：
  I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
  三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）如：
  l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。
  He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
  他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
  四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 如：
  Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
  几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。
  The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
  他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
  五、同位语从匈与定语从句的区别。
  1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
  The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了这一消息是真的。
  （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）
  The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
  （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）
  2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：
  The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
  计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）
  The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
  （that在从句中作gave的宾语。）

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• 永丰YF窗帘窗饰

  状语从句
  
  (2)对于状语从句, 我们主要学习了时间状语从句和条件状语从句。对于这两种状语从句, 除了注意语序要用陈述句语序外, 在时态上尤其要注意, “主将从现”这种结构(即: 当主句是将来时态时候), 从句如果也要用将来时, 则必须用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的连接词通常为: when, while, as soon as, until和if。所以, 当连接词为以上五个词时, 如果主句是将来时, 就要考虑从句是否也要用将来时, 如果是, 则用“主将从现”结构, 其它还有由so…that…构成的结果状语从句, 由Though…或…but…, 构成的让步状语从句和由because或so构成的原因状语从句, 注意Though(虽然)与but(但是), because(因为)与so(所以)不能同时出现在句子里, 只用其中之一表达汉语中两个词的意义。
  同位语从句
  
  一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
  I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
  I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。
  二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如：
  I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
  三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）如：
  l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。
  He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
  他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
  四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 如：
  Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
  几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。
  The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
  他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
  五、同位语从匈与定语从句的区别。
  1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
  The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了这一消息是真的。
  （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）
  The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
  （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）
  2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：
  The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
  计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）
  The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
  （that在从句中作gave的宾语。）
  主语从句
  1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
  
  （2)连词位于句首不能省略
  
  （3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 9）What we need are good doctors.
  （4)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.
  
  （5) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.4）It is strange that he should do that.
  
  （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
  
  （6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
  11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.

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